The company setting is characterised by plenty of variables: competitors, dynamism, turbulence, complexity and alter. All organizations should develop capacity to constantly and consciously remodel themselves and their contexts. Such contexts embrace restructuring for optimum effectiveness, reengineering key processes and streamlining capabilities which are capable of present a supply of aggressive benefit. The intention is to adapt, regenerate and most vital, survive. (McLean, 2006).
For an organization to thrive right this moment, strategists should discover methods to extend the group’s capacity to learn and react to trade and market modifications. They need to know their objective to spice up the corporate’s strategic flexibility by recognizing disruptions earlier and responding sooner.
Strategic flexibility or adaptability will be outlined because the group’s capability to establish main modifications in its exterior environments, rapidly commit assets to new programs of motion in response to such modifications, and to acknowledge and act promptly when it’s time to halt or reverse current useful resource commitments. Being adaptable means leaders should not get caught in a too-rigid approach of wanting on the world. The group should view change as an inevitable and important a part of a company’s progress, with a view to obtain this adaptability.
When there’s uncertainty or unpredictability within the setting, managers are likely to focus nearly all their power on efficiently executing the present technique. What in addition they must be doing is getting ready for an unknown future. Flexibility stems from the flexibility to study; managers are likely to overlook the destructive and emphasize the optimistic. They should perceive not solely what led to the optimistic outcomes but in addition what led to the destructive ones. It will optimize their studying expertise. In line with Ford (2004) 4 factors to foster and preserve adaptability embrace difficult complacency, giving all staff a voice, encouraging participative work and driving concern out of your group.
The businesses chosen for this activity differ by trade: a well-known vehicle producer (Ford) a financial institution going via a merger (Compass) and a start-up software program firm (DawningStreams). Ford and Compass have been in enterprise for a very long time; it’s possible they’ve modified their strategic plan primarily based on altering forces and traits. DawningStreams is new (established in 2005 and integrated in 2007). Although they haven’t had their first sale and don’t have any workers, the homeowners have devised a number of iterations of their technique.
There’s a range of stakeholders all which are within the exercise of enterprise organizations. Emphasis have to be positioned on their adaptability in strategic evaluation and their adaptability in strategic administration of enterprise organizations. The group will need to have a strategic administration mannequin.
Every firm would possibly scan the identical areas, however for various causes. Contemplating technological advances, Ford would put together itself to steer the market by having varied digital gear of their automobiles, in addition to robotic gear with which to construct them and the availability chain know-how to maintain all in examine. Compass Financial institution goes via a merge and increasing globally; due to this fact they might want to maintain abreast of communication know-how. DawningStreams is a software program firm; they might want to monitor these firms who could be their competitors to make sure their product provides higher performance. All three firms would be certain potential prospects would have the ability to get good data from web web sites and commercial, which encompasses one more space of know-how the organizations may have/wish to scan. On this occasion, many members of the group have to be enrolled: higher administration and finance, who will decide budgetary components; the IT division, who will probably be chargeable for the implementation and upkeep of a number of the know-how; the workers who have to be skilled to make use of the know-how; a gross sales pressure who will promote the know-how.
To the surface observer, it might appear pointless for any however Ford to scan the (precise) setting on the subject of points corresponding to emission management, gas effectivity and hybrid automobiles. That’s true nonetheless; Compass Financial institution and DawningStreams can plan a technique to be friendlier to the setting (and their pocketbooks) by training paper discount (via the aforementioned know-how). Lastly, DawningStreams’ product could also be helpful as a file sharing service to environmental teams.
With regard to the authorized setting, all three have to be aware of legal guidelines, which have an effect on their respective trade amongst others. To Ford, authorized applies, amongst different areas, to environmental safety legal guidelines and division of transportation security legal guidelines. To Compass Financial institution, they’d abide by the principles of the Federal Reserve (www.federalreserve.gov) and the Federal Insurance coverage and Deposit Company (www.fdic.gov). DawningStreams should comply with legal guidelines as they pertain to the switch of information, which have mental property and likewise the export of merchandise, which have algorithms. All three firms are international and might want to monitor these legal guidelines in different international locations, which may impact the strategic planning.
At one firm after another–from Sears to IBM to Hewlett-Packard to Searle, technique is once more a serious focus within the quest for larger revenues and earnings. With assist from a brand new era of enterprise strategists, firms are pursuing novel methods to hatch new merchandise, develop current companies, and create the markets of tomorrow. Some firms are even recreating full-fledged strategic-planning teams. United Parcel Service expects to spin out a brand new technique group from its advertising division, the place strategic plans at the moment are hatched. Explains Chairman Kent C. Nelson: “As a result of we’re making larger bets on investments in know-how, we will not afford to spend a complete lot of cash in a single path after which discover out 5 years later it was the unsuitable path.”
In such a world we’d like a planning mannequin that enables us to anticipate the longer term and to make use of this anticipation together with an evaluation of our organization–its tradition, mission, strengths and weaknesses–to outline strategic points, to chart our path by growing strategic imaginative and prescient and plans, to outline how we’ll implement these plans and to specify how we’ll consider how nicely we’re implementing these plans. The truth that the world is altering as we transfer ahead sooner or later calls for that the method be an iterative one.
Ford Motor Firm – Socio-cultural
Ford Motor Firm embraces the socio-cultural modifications going down to permit the corporate to maneuver in the fitting path with respect to attitudes within the society. Two areas that stand out by way of socio-cultural attitudes could be that of gas financial system and smaller automobiles. The rising concern by the general public for higher gas financial system has influenced the corporate’s introduction of the Ford Escape Hybrid and Mercury Mariner Hybrid. The group is dedicated to the hybrid to enhance gas financial system as a worldwide technique to satisfy buyer calls for. The elevated demand in society for such environmentalism has assisted within the determination for Ford Motor Firm to sit up for including the hybrid function to the Ford Fusion and Mercury Milan and proceed in such a strategic planning path.
The purchasers that use these automobiles get a considerable break on their insurance coverage in lots of states and a tax credit score as nicely whereas having fun with the elevated mileage of a automobile that runs on gasoline and capabilities for one hundred pc electrical energy. The environmental scanning by Ford Motor Firm has allowed the corporate to be educated of the truth that the individuals in the USA are shopping for extra small automobiles right this moment than every other sort of auto section. The existence modifications have been monitored and there’s good information that exhibits that such a pattern will proceed on this path and the anticipated progress on this section will proceed. The corporate has redesigned the within and outdoors of the Ford Focus to set the automotive aside from the opponents within the small automotive section whereas growing upgrades and options to expertise optimistic outcomes. The path that the corporate is taking relies on a aggressive benefit and being a pacesetter within the trade. The automobile line has each a sedan and a coupe to draw focused markets together with youthful consumers at an entry stage to construct upon model loyalty and buyer retention. Ford Motor Firm will proceed to make use of the socio-cultural components to drive the enterprise and revel in future success.
Ford Motor Firm – Authorized –
Ford Motor Firm with regard to the Environmental Safety Company adheres to the authorized side of environmental scanning. Ford Motor Firm accepted an award in March 2007 from the Environmental Safety Company referred to as the Power Star 2007 Associate of the Yr Award in Power Administration. The corporate is the primary automaker to have ever been awarded the award two years in a row. The award has come to be introduced as a result of dedication made by the corporate to extend power effectivity and to cut back the greenhouse fuel emissions from the entire amenities within the firm.
The group is dedicated to the accountable use of assets and power effectivity. The management realizes that the environmental safety legal guidelines are of nice significance and use the environmental scanning to maneuver in the fitting path to acquire future success within the firm. In 2006 alone the corporate has improved the power effectivity in the USA operations by 5 p.c and saving roughly $25 million with sufficient power saved to equal 220,000 properties. The efficient power administration protects the setting and reduces the greenhouse emissions. A few of the actions taken by the corporate embrace changing lights that use 40 p.c much less power and utilizing completely different low-energy, long-lasting compact fluorescent lamps within the properties to incorporate the vegetation, company workplaces, distribution facilities, and analysis and improvement campuses. As a result of environmental scanning that takes place at Ford Motor Firm the corporate will use the knowledge that’s collected and proceed on this path. New tasks for the corporate embrace Fumes-to-Gas that could be a system that converts paint fumes into electrical energy that’s being carried out with Detroit Edison together with making an attempt to consolidate the applying of primer, base and clearcoat paint purposes right into a single software to remove the necessity for separate purposes and ovens. Along with the paint sales space emissions Ford Motor Firm will proceed to depend on different power sources corresponding to landfill fuel and wind and photo voltaic applied sciences to energy their manufacturing amenities.
Ford Motor Firm – Know-how –
One other environmental scanning device that Ford Motor Firm screens and makes use of could be the technological portion. The corporate has invested $1 billion within the newest know-how for versatile manufacturing. The know-how that’s concerned is in lots of varieties to incorporate wi-fi know-how that’s put in on the supply vans with provides to the plant as a monitoring standing and improved effectivity to cut back stock. The flexibleness of merchandise in the identical plant permits the group to make use of the identical equipment and course of for all areas from physique meeting, paint facility, and closing meeting. The improved effectivity on the manufacturing facility permits for a number of automobile platforms to be constructed on the identical line to supply a number of fashions and rapidly change the automobile combine, the quantity, and choices primarily based on buyer demand.
The technological modifications which are being embraced by Ford Motor Firm via environmental scanning permits the corporate to expertise big price financial savings via new product launches and 50 p.c reductions in cycle changeovers together with waste discount. Robots are among the many technological modifications which are being skilled throughout the group to incorporate the 400 from the challenge which are used to weld and assemble the steel physique of the automobile for stamping and meeting. Synthetic intelligence within the type of superior visions techniques and laser monitoring techniques are used to make sure high quality via accuracy and dimension skills. A multi-million greenback coaching facility is used to make sure that the workforce has the data, expertise, and talent to reap the advantages from the brand new know-how that’s being utilized by the corporate. The coaching that’s administered contains the brand new servo-electric weld gun system that identifies the right middle for welding that has changed the older and loud air-powered system that used a much less refined spring system. The environmental scanning of know-how that’s carried out by Ford Motor Firm has allowed the corporate to have optimistic outcomes in effectivity whereas remaining a aggressive firm within the trade via price financial savings and steady enchancment.
Compass Financial institution- Political –
On February 16, 2007, Compass Bancshares, Inc., the dad or mum firm of Compass Financial institution, introduced the signing of a definitive settlement beneath which Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria, S.A. (NYSE: BBV Madrid: BBVA) (“BBVA”) will purchase Compass for a mixture of money and inventory. Compass will grow to be an entirely owned U.S. subsidiary of BBVA and can proceed to function beneath the Compass title. The transaction is anticipated to shut in the course of the second half of 2007, pending customary closing situations, together with crucial financial institution regulatory approvals within the U.S. and Spain and the approval of the stockholders of each Compass and BBVA.
BBVA, which operates in 35 international locations, relies in Spain and has substantial banking pursuits within the Americas. The transaction will facilitate BBVA’s continued progress in Texas and can create the biggest regional financial institution throughout the Sunbelt. Upon completion of the transaction, Compass will rank among the many high 25 banks in the USA with roughly $47 billion in complete belongings, $32 billion in complete loans and $33 billion in complete deposits. As well as, the mixed firm will rank fourth in deposit market share in Texas with $19.6 billion in complete deposits and 326 full-service banking workplaces.
Compass is a $34 billion Southwestern monetary holding firm that operates 415 full-service banking facilities in Alabama, Arizona, Colorado, Florida, New Mexico and Texas. Compass offers a broad array of services and products via three main traces of enterprise – Company Banking, Retail Banking and Wealth Administration. Compass is among the many high 30 U.S. financial institution holding firms by asset measurement and ranks among the many high earners of its measurement primarily based on return on fairness.
Underneath the phrases of the definitive settlement, which has been accepted by the board of administrators of Compass and the related our bodies of BBVA, Compass will grow to be an entirely owned subsidiary of BBVA. After closing, BBVA intends to merge its U.S. primarily based banking associates – together with the previous operations of Texas Regional Bancshares, State Nationwide Bancshares and Laredo Nationwide Bancshares – with Compass.
The mixture consideration consists of a set variety of roughly 196 million shares of BBVA widespread inventory and roughly $4.6 billion in money. The merger is topic to customary closing situations, together with crucial financial institution regulatory approvals within the U.S. and Spain and the approval of the stockholders of each Compass and BBVA. The transaction is anticipated to shut within the second half of 2007.
The merger between each firms will probably be decided by the political components starting from implications of legal guidelines and laws to the state of world politics together with the consideration of wars which can be happening in several components of the world. New legal guidelines, laws, tax applications and public coverage create forces and traits, which can present challenges and obstacles or alternatives for any firm or group.
Compass Financial institution – Know-how –
Ford is within the strategy of implementing a laser marking system on its manufacturing line to make sure the best normal on every transmission assembled. The system will probably be checking for high quality on completely different factors on the meeting line. Ford is teaming up with an organization referred to as MECCO to implement this course of and a trial run of the brand new system will final for 3 months. MECCO is a pacesetter in its trade on the subject of laser know-how. The choice to implement this new laser marking system got here as a result of it’s extra cost- efficient and safer than earlier methods of marking checkpoints for high quality.
Though this course of at Ford has not formally been carried out but, Compass Financial institution can study a number of various things. It might be a good suggestion for Compass Financial institution to do a brief trial of on-line cellphone banking to see how standard it turns into and if it price on a regular basis and energy, being spent to get it launched. Compass Financial institution also needs to take into account investing into an organization who’s one of the best at what they do, is in the identical time zone, and might meet their calls for in a well timed method, not just because they could be cheaper. Lastly, Compass Financial institution can study that they should take into account what will probably be most cost-effective and in one of the best curiosity of the corporate over time. Organizing a time line and a listing of prices and potential dangers would even be useful to Compass Financial institution so that they know what to anticipate and when with the implementation of on-line cellphone banking.
When finishing the worldwide scan one seems for rising new applied sciences which can impression any enterprise in any trade. At one time the emergence of the Web was a know-how that was changing into an rising pattern throughout all industries. At the moment very new applied sciences are used to develop data techniques at a fraction of the associated fee and time of processes that had been used 5 years in the past. Wi-fi is a telecommunications know-how which will have moved from a pattern to a pressure in revolutionizing the best way data is saved, accessed and used throughout all industries world wide. Some, if leveraged by an organization inside an trade earlier than opponents use it, could even present a aggressive benefit.
Compass Financial institution – Competitors –
Though mergers could also be expensive and slightly tough, the worth it creates ultimately is the specified consequence firms search. The eagerness to merge relies on a number of beliefs, these beliefs are, that the efficiency positive aspects are better, bills are lowered, market energy is elevated, and shareholder’s wealth can be better than earlier than. The worth of a merger is enhanced when the general profit is extra helpful than the combination of two separate pre-merger firms.
In the long run, each John and Bernard ought to take into account this earlier than finalizing a choice. When Zion’s bought Stockmans, there total worth elevated by 43 branches. These branches will assist efficiency and brings rather more energy to the monetary market. Within the Journal of Cash article, Pilloff states “Firms are extra prepared to accumulate others to keep away from being acquired themselves.” Maintaining this in thoughts, firms should determine a cross border technique.
As a part of the broad environmental scan, it is very important establish the interior capabilities of the group. There are numerous fashions for outlining capabilities. Most concentrate on the broad set of intangible belongings corresponding to model, human capital, organizational capital and even relationship capital. Others embrace the extra concrete belongings corresponding to out there capital, the group construction, present applied sciences and data know-how infrastructure. Along with doing a broad environmental pattern, Compass Financial institution must do a extra detailed functionality evaluation utilizing any of the fashions out there.
DawningStreams – Opponents –
Enterprise actions have gotten increasingly more complicated to handle, due to distance, time zones, variety of events concerned in tasks, variety of duties to attain, a number of prioritizations, lack of common synchronization, inadequate safe and confidential communication channels and rising complexity of IT infrastructures. Using activity checklist managers has grow to be quite common. It’s changing into tougher to maintain groups synchronized, to comply with and to implement new enterprise processes and to alternate delicate data confidentially. The DawningStreams software program software is aiming at growing the practicality of each day government actions. The sorts of enterprise, which is able to likely be curious about our product, are development (measurement of community), consulting (want for synchronization), pharmaceutical analysis (safe alternate of data) and the software program trade (complexity of producing).
Many firms have already developed software program purposes that allow secured communications and file sharing. Nonetheless, most, if not all, are counting on Microsoft applied sciences, which stop them from increasing to Mac or Unix customers. DawningStreams is developed in Java, which can be utilized on any platform, together with Mac and Unix. Microsoft has acquired the Groove Firm and has launched a brand new model of the product, which might carry out most of the functionalities of DawningStreams, however not generic actions (http://workplace.microsoft.com/en-us/groove/default.aspx). That is our closest competitor by far. Extra not too long ago, we discovered, merely by chance, an organization referred to as Shinkuro (www.shinkuro.com), which provides the file sharing points of DawningStreams however lacks different capacities.
Though DawningStreams will face competitors from many current gamers, the truth that it’ll mix a super-set of functionalities in a single software, for a really cheap worth, will give it some vanguard over different opponents. If the US patent is granted, the place of DawningStreams will grow to be a distinct segment. Even when the patent weren’t granted, it will take a profound architectural redesign of Groove (or different opponents) to incorporate generic actions and match the provide of DawningStreams. As a technique we’ll monitor the actions of these firms’ web sites and perceive what they provide by way of comparable performance and take a look at to make sure we match or greatest these functionalities to one of the best of our capacity and assets
DawningStreams – Political –
Sustaining the secrecy of data is the basic operate of encryption gadgets. Individuals overseas could use such gadgets to hurt US regulation enforcement efforts, in addition to US international coverage and nationwide safety pursuits. The US Authorities has a important curiosity in making certain that individuals against the USA will not be capable of conceal hostile or felony actions, and that the official wants for shielding vital and delicate data of the private and non-private sectors are met. Since 2000, US encryption export coverage has been directed by three basic practices: technical overview of encryption merchandise previous to sale, streamlined post-export reporting, and license critiques of proposed transactions involving robust encryption to sure international authorities end-users and international locations of concern. US encryption coverage additionally seeks to make sure that American firms will not be deprived by the European Union’s “license-free zone.” (Bureau of Business and Safety, 2007).
DawningStreams will include cryptographic capabilities. Any dependable and environment friendly cryptographic system requires a government to keep away from identification theft. Cryptography is a key performance of DawningStreams. All specialists insist on designing techniques utilizing well-studied algorithms and totally examined protocols; novelty is taken into account a supply of danger. The cryptographic layer of DawningStreams will depend on a twin public-private key system. The personal key encryption system will implement Rijndael, the Superior Encryption Customary (http://csrc.nist.gov/CryptoToolkit/aes/rijndael/), the general public key system will implement RSA (www.rsa.com) and the hashing operate will implement the 256 bits model of the Safe Hash Algorithm (http://secure-hash-algorithm-md5-sha-1.co.uk/ ).
Encryption merchandise can be utilized to hide the communications of terrorists, drug smugglers, and others intent on harming U.S. pursuits. Cryptographic merchandise and software program even have navy and intelligence purposes that, within the arms of hostile nations, may pose a risk to U.S. nationwide safety. The nationwide safety, international coverage, and regulation enforcement pursuits of the USA are protected by encryption export controls. These controls are in step with Government Order (E.O.) 13026, which was issued on November 15, 1996, and the Presidential Memorandum of the identical date. (Bureau of Business and Safety, 2007).
DawningStreams additionally plans to be a world firm, as workplaces now exist within the Netherlands and the US. As a part of the technique, we’ll guarantee we stay compliant by registering our product with any crucial company and permitting these companies entry to the processes in the event that they really feel there’s a risk. We will probably be accountable to watch (as greatest as we are able to) our consumer base and to place the correct verbiage in our contracts that unlawful actions won’t be tolerated. We are going to proceed to watch the BIS web site talked about in earlier paragraphs and likewise websites within the European Union such because the Crypto Legislation web site of authorized knowledgeable Bert-Jaap Koops (http://rechten.uvt.nl/koops/)
DawningStreams – Know-how/Mental Property –
The administration of organizational technique requires a complete evaluation of the macro setting of the enterprise. Mental Property (IP) refers back to the unique concepts and improvements developed by a company with a view to haul up its techniques and processes. Creation of concepts requires massive investments. This necessitates the safety of IP. Benchmarking is the continual strategy of measuring merchandise, processes, and techniques of a company in opposition to these which are rated greatest within the trade. It helps in uncovering weaknesses and flaws within the organizational techniques, processes, and merchandise. (Watson, 2003)
The examine of the worldwide analysis performed by McAfee Inc. and MessageLabs Ltd. on safety risk in small companies within the U.S. reveals that 80 p.c of small-and-medium-sized companies (SMB) consider that an data know-how (IT) safety failure could be damaging achieve their enterprise priorities. But, solely few are courageously making steps to combat in opposition to infringements attributable to useful resource limitations from different enterprise associated priorities. The analysis implies that firm measurement performs a vital half in the best way senior administration views safety. Among the many challenges that SMBs face embrace retaining up-to-date with safety options and retaining prices low. Small-to-medium companies’ conduct in direction of safety could be very tactical and meets solely fast necessities. (unknown, 2007)
DawningStreams’ relevance to those forces is two-fold. We’re a software program firm—there is a chance for us to lose the mental property by those that would obtain and try to switch the code. We have now opponents who provide performance just like ours, nonetheless we provide a further performance the others don’t. It’s this ‘specialty performance’ for which we utilized for a patent the USA Patent and Trademark Workplace. If the patent is granted, there’s much less probability of software program piracy or the lack of our IP. Environmental scans ought to present us if there are different firms attempting to do that.
The performance, which most resembles our opponents’, is the flexibility to share information. That brings in a special concern with mental property- the chance another person’s IP could possibly be despatched from one among our customers to a different, as this might severely injury our popularity, as what occurred with Napster. (www.napster.com).
Conclusion
At one firm after another–from Sears to IBM to Hewlett-Packard to Searle, technique is once more a serious focus within the quest for larger revenues and earnings. With assist from a brand new era of enterprise strategists, firms are pursuing novel methods to hatch new merchandise, develop current companies, and create the markets of tomorrow. Some firms are even recreating full-fledged strategic-planning teams. United Parcel Service expects to spin out a brand new technique group from its advertising division, the place strategic plans at the moment are hatched. Explains Chairman Kent C. Nelson: “As a result of we’re making larger bets on investments in know-how, we will not afford to spend a complete lot of cash in a single path after which discover out 5 years later it was the unsuitable path.”
In such a world we’d like a planning mannequin that enables us to anticipate the longer term and to make use of this anticipation together with an evaluation of our organization–its tradition, mission, strengths and weaknesses–to outline strategic points, to chart our path by growing strategic imaginative and prescient and plans, to outline how we’ll implement these plans and to specify how we’ll consider how nicely we’re implementing these plans. The truth that the world is altering as we transfer ahead sooner or later calls for that the method be an iterative one.
References
Bilek, E. (n.d.) Compass Bankshares to be Acquired by Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria, S.A.,
Investor Relations. Retrieved from the Web on March 31, 2007 at
http://media.corporate-ir.internet/media_files/irol/77/77589/bbvarelease.pdf
Cole, Jim. Zions makes small deal, cites rising Arizona market. American Banker, 171(175), 1-1. Retrieved March 31, 2007 from Proquest Database.
Ford Motor Firm (2006). Ford Motor Firm. Retrieved March 2007,
from the World Huge Net, Net Web site: [https://ford.com]
Ford, S. (2004) Tailored from 13 Expertise Managers Have to Succeed, Harvard Enterprise Faculty
Press. Retrieved March 31, 2007 from EBSCOHost Database.
Hockenberry, Todd. (2006). Ford implements superior laser marking. Industrial Laser Options, 21(4), 6-7. Retrieved March 31, 2007, from EBSCOhost database
Jacobs, P. (2005) 5 Steps to Thriving in instances of Uncertainty. Negotiation (p.3) Retrieved
April 1, 2007 from EBSCOHost Database.
McLean, J. (2006) We’re going via modifications! British Journal of Administrative Administration
54. Retrieved March 30, 2007 from EBSCOHost Database.
Pearce, J. & Robinson, R, (2004). Strategic Administration: Formulation, Implementation, and Management. [University of Phoenix Custom Edition e-text]. The McGraw-Hill Firms. Retrieved March 2007, from the College of Phoenix, Useful resource, MBA 580-Methods for Aggressive Benefit Course Net Web site: https://ecampus.phoenix.edu/safe/useful resource/useful resource.asp
Writer Unknown, Strategic Planning, After a decade of gritty downsizing, Massive Thinkers are again in company vogue. (2006) Retrieved from the Web at http://www.businessweek.com/1996/35/b34901.htm
Unknown (2007) 80% of Small-to-Medium Sized Corporations Worry a Safety Risk. Pc Safety Replace 8 (4). Retrieved March 30, 2007 from EBSCOHost Database.
Unknown (2006) Strategic Planning, After a decade of gritty downsizing, Massive Thinkers are again
in company vogue. Retrieved from the Web at
http://www.businessweek.com/1996/35/b34901.htm
US Division of Commerce (2007), Encryption (ch.10, part 742.15). Retrieved March 27, 2007 from the Bureau of Business and Safety Web site at http://www.bis.doc.gov/information/2007/foreignpolicyreport/fprchap10_encryption.html
Watson, G. (2003) Enterprise Environmental Scans for Mental Property Technique (PowerPoint Presentation). Retrieved March 28, 2007 from the Oklahoma State College web site at http://www.okstate.edu/ceat/msetm/programs/etm5111/CourseMaterials/ETM5111Session3Part2.ppt#260,1,Enterprise Environmental Scans for Mental Property Technique
