A farmer is an integral a part of a dairy trade, regardless of any nation he belongs to. The dairy trade varieties a significant supply of livelihood for about quarter of the inhabitants the world over. And that leads us to make an observation of the very fact, how enormous the dairy trade could be that it is ready to feed 7.5 billion folks around the globe. India being the biggest milk producer on this planet alone contributes to almost 13% of the entire manufacturing. India’s annual milk manufacturing within the monetary yr 2015-16 was estimated to be 155.5 MT as in comparison with 146.3 MT within the yr 2014-15 recording a development of 6.3% roughly. With the fixed improve in shopper demand, and to serve the populace, it’s obligatory for the Indian Dairy Business to match the tempo with sufficient provide of milk. To assist this, new and superior dairy applied sciences are exploited in dairy tasks instated at varied ranges of dairy farm administration.
The Dairy Provide Chain or Cow-To-Shopper course of as it’s typically referred to as is a mannequin for milk procurement and manufacturing of various merchandise made out of milk like cheese, butter, yogurt, ghee, ice-cream, and so forth.
Let’s analyze the dairy manufacturing process and discover out the levels the place each day procurment goes by till it lastly reaches us.
The dairy farming course of begins by milking the cattle. A farmer manages a small dairy farm the place milking is carried out. Milking is an important exercise forming the maiden level of enterprise chain contributing to the general manufacturing. The farmer extracts from milch animals, historically cows and buffaloes both manually utilizing his fingers or mechanically by a dairy farm tools referred to as milking machine. He milks the cattle two occasions a day, the primary shift takes place within the morning and the latter one in night. The milk produced through the day is collected into massive cans and brought by the farmer to a close-by Village Dairy Cooperative Society (VDCS) for testing and evaluation.
VDCS includes of assortment facilities that function on the village degree. A middle constitutes a panel of villagers that head and function it and members comprise of farmers who deposit to VDCS. A member who operates the gathering heart takes a pattern of milk introduced by the farmer and checks it by the use of a dairy milk assortment software program typically a milk analyzer. The checks are carried out with the intention to consider the standard based mostly on important parameters like fats content material, the quantity of Strong Not Fats (SNF) current, the density, and examine for any adulteration (decided by the proportion of water residues current in milk). SNF consists of proteins (casein and lactalbumin), carbohydrates (lactose) and minerals (calcium and phosphorus) that altogether keep the required texture of milk. All of the ensuing values are famous down comparable to the respective parameters. A ultimate quantity of cost is calculated on the premise of the values obtained which is subsequently paid to the farmer. The members collectively take care of the society, thereby sustaining transparency and belief. All of the milk that’s collected by VDCS is saved in a tanker, generally often known as Bulk Milk Cooler (BMC).
BMC is a big storage tank that holds milk at a chilly temperature till picked by union tanker vans. These tanks can be found in various capacities of minimal 2 tons. BMC is deployed in any respect VDCS with the intention to protect the standard, eliminating curdling and adulteration, and spillage of milk. A monitoring system is connected to the BMC that logs and tracks amount, together with a compressor that maintains the temperature of milk contained in the tank. Additionally, an agitator is implanted inside the tank which retains rotating to keep away from icing of milk. Energy provide by a generator or direct line can also be monitored by this method. Along with this, a BMC helps in chopping down the transportation prices as chilling of milk at main dairy will be prevented, leading to higher returns to the farmers.
Thus, the gathering at VDCS is provided to the union for additional milk processing and likewise to export markets. The transportation of milk is finished by refrigerated or insulated tanker vans. The BMC tanks are emptied into these tankers and transported to the unions. These tankers primarily keep an acceptable temperature to keep away from souring whereas amidst being carried to a union. As soon as the haulers arrive on the union, they submit the milk within the manufacturing facility and tackle different routes to gather extra.
On the dairy plant, the collected milk is processed to supply varied merchandise. However earlier than processing, it’s examined once more to examine if the standard qualifies the required customary. If it does, the identical is shipped for additional processing in any other case discarded on the preliminary stage itself. Right here, some a part of milk is pasteurized and packed in acceptable packaging, typically referred to as milk pouches. These pouches are distributed to all of the locations inside 24 hours. It’s termed as liquid milk and purported to be consumed inside the similar time-frame. Whereas in some pouches, required preservatives are added to extend the shelf lifetime of milk and retain its high quality on the similar time. This milk is delivered to these locations that are situated distant from the dairy trade and it takes comparatively longer time attain there.
The remaining a part of milk undergoes varied obligatory procedures to derive different dairy merchandise like cheese, cream, butter, powdered and condensed milk, yogurt, ice-creams, sweets, and rather more. Every product that’s derived from milk follows a novel course of. Later, the pasteurized and different milk merchandise are packed in sterilized and sturdy packaging. Enough precautionary measures are taken whereas packing the merchandise to retain the standard and make them long-lasting. Lastly, these merchandise are marketed and distributed to numerous retailers and wholesalers who later promote them to customers.
